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NATO neptune strike military exercise kicks off in Mediterranean Sea_我的网站

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一 | 夜空中的银河看似一张扁平、光滑的旋转圆盘，但实际上，这张“圆盘”并没有看上去那么简单。

二 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台科研团队在银河系分子气体外盘中首次发现广泛分布的波纹状褶皱结构。

三 | Moscow, Oct 14 (UNI) Neptune Strike (NEST 22-2), a multi-domain exercise by NATO's Naval Striking and Support Forces, has begun in the Mediterranean Sea and is expected to be completed by October 28, the alliance said on Friday.
"NEST 22-2 highlights the natural evolution of NATO’s ability to integrate maritime warfare capabilities of a carrier strike group to support Allied defence," the message read.
NATO forces will simulate air operations with participation of land-based fighters, air-to-air refueling tankers and airborne early warning and control aircraft, according to the alliance.
"NEST 22-2 provides a prime opportunity to improve our capacity to work together with Allies in complex and increasingly contested environment. Valuable training for NATO multi-domain enhances our vigilance and underlines our commitment to deter and defend," Christoph Pliet, Deputy Chief of Staff Operations Allied Air Command, said.
Neptune Strike is the third phase of NATO’s long-planned Project Neptune series, which was elaborated in 2020. Two previous military exercises under this project were conducted in February and May 2022.

UNI/SPUTNIK GNK。这一发现为理解银河系三维结构及其动力学演化提供了新的关键观测证据。相关研究成果8月7日发表在国际期刊《自然·天文学》上。银河系的整体形状像一块受热变形的唱片，一侧向上翘起、另一侧向下弯曲。科学家把银河系的这种大尺度形变称为“翘曲结构”。然而，银河系中更细尺度的垂直结构是怎样的，长期缺乏系统性的观测与定量研究。

四 | 科研团队借助紫金山天文台建立在青海省海西蒙古族藏族自治州的13.7米毫米波望远镜“银河画卷”一氧化碳巡天数据，证认出3万余个外盘分子云。“我们对3万多个分子云进行了三维分析。”论文第一作者兼共同通讯作者、中国科学院紫金山天文台副研究员孙燕介绍，一氧化碳是追踪冷分子气体的重要“示踪剂”，而分子气体正是恒星形成的原料。研究团队首先定量构建了银河系一氧化碳外盘的翘曲模型，拟合扣除大尺度翘曲背景后，发现背景结构中呈现清晰的波纹状垂直起伏，这些起伏被称为“褶皱”。 “褶皱表现为大片盘面整体向上或向下偏离，它们可能来自外部引力扰动激发的‘弯曲波’。”孙燕认为，“这很有可能是矮星系等卫星星系从银河系附近飞掠时，其引力对银河系产生了扰动，于是在银河系外盘中激起缓慢传播的‘涟漪’。”（记者金凤张添福）。

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